# Основы изучения Библии

## Цель, с которой мы приступаем к изучению Библии

> Jn.5:39-40

> You search the Scriptures, because you think that in them you have eternal life; and it is these that bear witness of Me; and you are unwilling to come to Me, that you may have life.

The chief purpose of the book is to bring us to the Person. Martin Luther said we go to the cradle only for the sake of the baby; just so in Bible study, we do it not for its own sake but for fellowship with God.

> Джон Р. В. Скотт (John R.W. Stott), Христос - Спорщик (Christ the Controversialist), InterVarsity Press 1978, стр.97, 104.

> The Jews to whom Jesus spoke [...] imagined that to possess Scripture was tantamount to possessing life. Hillel used to say, "He who has gotten to himself words of Torah has gotten to himself the life of the world to come." Their study was an end in itself. In this they were grievously deceived. [...]

> Нет ни заслуги, ни пользы в чтении Писания ради самого чтения, а только в том случае, если это действительно сближает нас с Иисусом Христом. Всякий раз при чтении Библии, необходимо усердное ожидание того, чтобы через чтение встретиться со Христом.

## Приближение к Слову Божьему

Hearing and reading provide a telescopic view of the scripture while study and memorization provide a microscopic view of scripture. Meditating on the scriptures brings hearing, reading, studying and memorization together and cements the word in our minds.

### Слышать

Lk.11:28 blessed are those who hear the word of God, and observe it.

### Читать

Rev.1:3 Blessed is he who reads and those who hear the words of this prophecy [...]

1 Tim.4:13 give attention to the public reading of Scripture [...]

### Изучать

Acts 17:11 Now these were more noble-minded than those in Thessalonica, for they received the word with great eagerness, examining the Scriptures daily, to see whether these things were so.

2 Tim.2:15 Be diligent [KJV `Study'] to present yourself approved to God as a workman who does not need to be ashamed, handling accurately the word of truth.

### Запоминать

Ps.119:11 Thy word I have hid in my heart, that I may not sin against Thee.

### Размышлять

Ps.1:2-3 But his delight is in the law of the Lord, And in His law he meditates day and night. And he will be like a tree firmly planted by streams of water, Which yields its fruit in its season, And its leaf does not wither; And in whatever he does, he prospers.

The Navigators illustrate this by saying that as the thumb can touch all the fingers, we can meditate on the Word as we do any of the first four. Meditation is a key to revelation. A new Christian needs to hear and read the Bible more than they need to study and memorize it. This is so that they become familiar with the overall message of the Bible.

## Типы изучения Библии

### Тематическое изучение

Выберите определённую тему и исследуйте её, используя перекрёстные ссылки или симфонию.

### Изучение действующих лиц

Изучение жизни библейских персонажей, например жизнь Иосифа в Быт.37-50.

### Экспозиционное изучение

Изучение определённого отрывка: параграфа, главы или книги.

## Основы правильного истолкования

### Содержание

Что это значит? Что это значит на языке оригинала? Будьте осторожны со значениями слов. Не ищите в них того, о чём они не говорят.

### Контекст

What do the verses around it say? "Context is king" is the rule -- the passage must make sense within the structure of the entire passage and book.

### Перекрёстные ссылки

Что говорят об этой теме другие стихи во всей Библии? Бог не противоречит Себе, поэтому наше истолкование должно выдержать проверку других мест Писания.

## Экспозиционное изучение отрывка Матфея 6:1-18

Let's study together Mt.6:1-18. Read it to yourself, first looking for the key verse, the verse that sums up the whole passage. Think you have it? Test it by picking different places in the passage and asking yourself if they relate to the thought of the key verse. Once you find it, write it as Roman numeral One of your outline:

1. Beware of practicing your righteousness before men to be noticed

What does practicing your righteousness mean? Does the passage give any examples? What area of our lives is being addressed? Our motives! What sub-headings develop this thought?

1. When you give

2. When you fast

3. When you pray

Теперь заполните конспект особыми инструкциями о том, как избежать неверных путей проявления своей праведности:

1. When you give

   1. don't sound a trumpet. (how might someone sound a trumpet today?)

   2. do it secretly.

   3. etc.

## Рабочий лист: Как пользоваться симфонией

### Чтобы найти определённый стих

1. Выберите ключевое слово или наиболее редкое слово в стихе.

2. Найдите это слово по алфавиту.

3. Просмотрите колонку списка и найдите нужный вам стих.

Find these verses:

1. Faithful are the wounds of a friend

2. We are ambassadors of Christ.

3. The story of the rich man and Lazarus.

### Чтобы сделать тематическое исследование

Let's say you wanted to do a study of the word "redemption." First you would look up that word in the concordance and look up references listed for it. Then you could look up related words and references listed for them, e.g. "redeem, redeemed, ransom," even "buy" or "bought."

### Чтобы выяснить значение слова в греческом или еврейском языке

What if you noticed a contradiction in the KJV between Mt.7:1 Judge not lest you be judged and 1 Cor.2:15 He that is spiritual judgeth all things. Maybe there are two different Greek words here, both being translated "judge" in English? (We're using Strong's from here out.)

1. Look up "judge".

2. Go down the column of entries to Mt.7:1. To the right is a number, 2919. This refers to the Greek word used. Write it down.

3. Now look up "judgeth".

4. Найдите в колонке 1 Кор.2:15 . . . . . 350.

5. Turn in the back to the Greek dictionary. (Remember, you're in the NT so the language is Greek, while the OT is Hebrew.) Compare the meaning of 2919 with the meaning of 350 and you have your answer!

### Чтобы найти значения имён

Таким же образом мы можем найти значение имени в греческом или еврейском языке.

Найдите эти имена и запишите их значения:

- Навал (Nabal)

- Авигея (Abigail)

- Иисус Навин (Joshua)

- Варнава (Barnabus)