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### Applying the SPC's to the expanded structure

Here too, the problem is that the SPC's are applied by the user to the nodes belonging the the original 1D and 2D elements. The expanded nodes, however, have different numbers and a link must be established with the original nodes. This is again performed by multiple point constraints. They are generated in subroutine ``gen3dboun.f''.

For knots the translational node of the rigid body formulation is the original node number. Consequently, translational SPC's are automatically taken into account. If a rotational SPC is applied, it must be transferred to the rotational node of the knot, e.g. degree of freedom 4 of the original node (rotation about the x-axis) is transformed into degree of freedom 1 of the rotational node. Recall that the definition of a rotational SPC in a node triggers the creation of a knot in that node.

If no knot is generated in the node to which the SPC is applied, the way this node is connected to the newly generated nodes in the expanded elements depends on the type of element. For 1D elements MPC's are generated according to Equation 225 and Figure 123. For 2D shell elements the MPC's correspond to Equation 226 and Figure 124. Finally, for 2D plane and axisymmetric elements the MPC's correspond to Equation 227 and Figure 125.

For the temperature degrees of freedom in heat transfer calculations the MPC's generated in beam and shell nodes in which no knot is defined are not sufficient. Indeed, the MPC only specifies the mean of corner nodes (for beams) or the mean of the upper and lower node (for shells). In practice, this corresponds to any bilinear (for beams) or linear (for shells) function across the cross section. In CalculiX, it is not possible to specify this gradient, so a constant function is defined. This is done by assigning the temperature SPC to nodes 2, 3 and 4 (for beams, Equation 225) and to node 2 (for shells, Equation 226).

Next: Applying the MPC's to Up: Expansion of the one-dimensional Previous: Connecting 1D and 2D Contents