    /**
     * @class Ext.util.Format

    This class is a centralized place for formatting functions inside the library. It includes
    functions to format various different types of data, such as text, dates and numeric values.

    __Localization__
    This class contains several options for localization. These can be set once the library has loaded,
    all calls to the functions from that point will use the locale settings that were specified.
    Options include:
    - thousandSeparator
    - decimalSeparator
    - currenyPrecision
    - currencySign
    - currencyAtEnd
    This class also uses the default date format defined here: {@link Ext.date#defaultFormat}.

    __Using with renderers__
    There are two helper functions that return a new function that can be used in conjunction with
    grid renderers:

        columns: [{
            dataIndex: 'date',
            renderer: Ext.util.Format.dateRenderer('Y-m-d')
        }, {
            dataIndex: 'time',
            renderer: Ext.util.Format.numberRenderer('0.000')
        }]

    Functions that only take a single argument can also be passed directly:
        columns: [{
            dataIndex: 'cost',
            renderer: Ext.util.Format.usMoney
        }, {
            dataIndex: 'productCode',
            renderer: Ext.util.Format.uppercase
        }]

    __Using with XTemplates__
    XTemplates can also directly use Ext.util.Format functions:

        new Ext.XTemplate([
            'Date: {startDate:date("Y-m-d")}',
            'Cost: {cost:usMoney}'
        ]);

     * @markdown
     * @singleton
     */
    (function() {
        Ext.ns('Ext.util');

        Ext.util.Format = {};
        var UtilFormat     = Ext.util.Format,
            stripTagsRE    = /<\/?[^>]+>/gi,
            stripScriptsRe = /(?:<script.*?>)((\n|\r|.)*?)(?:<\/script>)/ig,
            nl2brRe        = /\r?\n/g,

            // A RegExp to remove from a number format string, all characters except digits and '.'
            formatCleanRe  = /[^\d\.]/g,

            // A RegExp to remove from a number format string, all characters except digits and the local decimal separator.
            // Created on first use. The local decimal separator character must be initialized for this to be created.
            I18NFormatCleanRe;

        Ext.apply(UtilFormat, {
            /**
             * @type String
             * @property thousandSeparator
             * <p>The character that the {@link #number} function uses as a thousand separator.</p>
             * <p>This defaults to <code>,</code>, but may be overridden in a locale file.</p>
             */
            thousandSeparator: ',',

            /**
             * @type String
             * @property decimalSeparator
             * <p>The character that the {@link #number} function uses as a decimal point.</p>
             * <p>This defaults to <code>.</code>, but may be overridden in a locale file.</p>
             */
            decimalSeparator: '.',

            /**
             * @type Number
             * @property currencyPrecision
             * <p>The number of decimal places that the {@link #currency} function displays.</p>
             * <p>This defaults to <code>2</code>, but may be overridden in a locale file.</p>
             */
            currencyPrecision: 2,

            /**
             * @type String
             * @property currencySign
             * <p>The currency sign that the {@link #currency} function displays.</p>
             * <p>This defaults to <code>$</code>, but may be overridden in a locale file.</p>
             */
            currencySign: '$',

            /**
             * @type Boolean
             * @property currencyAtEnd
             * <p>This may be set to <code>true</code> to make the {@link #currency} function
             * append the currency sign to the formatted value.</p>
             * <p>This defaults to <code>false</code>, but may be overridden in a locale file.</p>
             */
            currencyAtEnd: false,

            /**
             * Checks a reference and converts it to empty string if it is undefined
             * @param {Mixed} value Reference to check
             * @return {Mixed} Empty string if converted, otherwise the original value
             */
            undef : function(value) {
                return value !== undefined ? value : "";
            },

            /**
             * Checks a reference and converts it to the default value if it's empty
             * @param {Mixed} value Reference to check
             * @param {String} defaultValue The value to insert of it's undefined (defaults to "")
             * @return {String}
             */
            defaultValue : function(value, defaultValue) {
                return value !== undefined && value !== '' ? value : defaultValue;
            },

            /**
             * Returns a substring from within an original string
             * @param {String} value The original text
             * @param {Number} start The start index of the substring
             * @param {Number} length The length of the substring
             * @return {String} The substring
             */
            substr : function(value, start, length) {
                return String(value).substr(start, length);
            },

            /**
             * Converts a string to all lower case letters
             * @param {String} value The text to convert
             * @return {String} The converted text
             */
            lowercase : function(value) {
                return String(value).toLowerCase();
            },

            /**
             * Converts a string to all upper case letters
             * @param {String} value The text to convert
             * @return {String} The converted text
             */
            uppercase : function(value) {
                return String(value).toUpperCase();
            },

            /**
             * Format a number as US currency
             * @param {Number/String} value The numeric value to format
             * @return {String} The formatted currency string
             */
            usMoney : function(v) {
                return UtilFormat.currency(v, '$', 2);
            },

            /**
             * Format a number as a currency
             * @param {Number/String} value The numeric value to format
             * @param {String} sign The currency sign to use (defaults to {@link #currencySign})
             * @param {Number} decimals The number of decimals to use for the currency (defaults to {@link #currencyPrecision})
             * @param {Boolean} end True if the currency sign should be at the end of the string (defaults to {@link #currencyAtEnd})
             * @return {String} The formatted currency string
             */
            currency: function(v, currencySign, decimals, end) {
                var negativeSign = '',
                    format = ",0",
                    i = 0;
                v = v - 0;
                if (v < 0) {
                    v = -v;
                    negativeSign = '-';
                }
                decimals = decimals || UtilFormat.currencyPrecision;
                format += format + (decimals > 0 ? '.' : '');
                for (; i < decimals; i++) {
                    format += '0';
                }
                v = UtilFormat.number(v, format);
                if ((end || UtilFormat.currencyAtEnd) === true) {
                    return Ext.String.format("{0}{1}{2}", negativeSign, v, currencySign || UtilFormat.currencySign);
                } else {
                    return Ext.String.format("{0}{1}{2}", negativeSign, currencySign || UtilFormat.currencySign, v);
                }
            },

            /**
             * Formats the passed date using the specified format pattern.
             * @param {String/Date} value The value to format. If a string is passed, it is converted to a Date by the Javascript
             * Date object's <a href="http://www.w3schools.com/jsref/jsref_parse.asp">parse()</a> method.
             * @param {String} format (Optional) Any valid date format string. Defaults to {@link Ext.Date#defaultFormat}.
             * @return {String} The formatted date string.
             */
            date: function(v, format) {
                if (!v) {
                    return "";
                }
                if (!Ext.isDate(v)) {
                    v = new Date(Date.parse(v));
                }
                return Ext.Date.dateFormat(v, format || Ext.Date.defaultFormat);
            },

            /**
             * Returns a date rendering function that can be reused to apply a date format multiple times efficiently
             * @param {String} format Any valid date format string. Defaults to {@link Ext.Date#defaultFormat}.
             * @return {Function} The date formatting function
             */
            dateRenderer : function(format) {
                return function(v) {
                    return UtilFormat.date(v, format);
                };
            },

            /**
             * Strips all HTML tags
             * @param {Mixed} value The text from which to strip tags
             * @return {String} The stripped text
             */
            stripTags : function(v) {
                return !v ? v : String(v).replace(stripTagsRE, "");
            },

            /**
             * Strips all script tags
             * @param {Mixed} value The text from which to strip script tags
             * @return {String} The stripped text
             */
            stripScripts : function(v) {
                return !v ? v : String(v).replace(stripScriptsRe, "");
            },

            /**
             * Simple format for a file size (xxx bytes, xxx KB, xxx MB)
             * @param {Number/String} size The numeric value to format
             * @return {String} The formatted file size
             */
            fileSize : function(size) {
                if (size < 1024) {
                    return size + " bytes";
                } else if (size < 1048576) {
                    return (Math.round(((size*10) / 1024))/10) + " KB";
                } else {
                    return (Math.round(((size*10) / 1048576))/10) + " MB";
                }
            },

            /**
             * It does simple math for use in a template, for example:<pre><code>
             * var tpl = new Ext.Template('{value} * 10 = {value:math("* 10")}');
             * </code></pre>
             * @return {Function} A function that operates on the passed value.
             * @method
             */
            math : function(){
                var fns = {};

                return function(v, a){
                    if (!fns[a]) {
                        fns[a] = Ext.functionFactory('v', 'return v ' + a + ';');
                    }
                    return fns[a](v);
                };
            }(),

            /**
             * Rounds the passed number to the required decimal precision.
             * @param {Number/String} value The numeric value to round.
             * @param {Number} precision The number of decimal places to which to round the first parameter's value.
             * @return {Number} The rounded value.
             */
            round : function(value, precision) {
                var result = Number(value);
                if (typeof precision == 'number') {
                    precision = Math.pow(10, precision);
                    result = Math.round(value * precision) / precision;
                }
                return result;
            },

            /**
             * <p>Formats the passed number according to the passed format string.</p>
             * <p>The number of digits after the decimal separator character specifies the number of
             * decimal places in the resulting string. The <u>local-specific</u> decimal character is used in the result.</p>
             * <p>The <i>presence</i> of a thousand separator character in the format string specifies that
             * the <u>locale-specific</u> thousand separator (if any) is inserted separating thousand groups.</p>
             * <p>By default, "," is expected as the thousand separator, and "." is expected as the decimal separator.</p>
             * <p><b>New to Ext4</b></p>
             * <p>Locale-specific characters are always used in the formatted output when inserting
             * thousand and decimal separators.</p>
             * <p>The format string must specify separator characters according to US/UK conventions ("," as the
             * thousand separator, and "." as the decimal separator)</p>
             * <p>To allow specification of format strings according to local conventions for separator characters, add
             * the string <code>/i</code> to the end of the format string.</p>
             * <div style="margin-left:40px">examples (123456.789):
             * <div style="margin-left:10px">
             * 0 - (123456) show only digits, no precision<br>
             * 0.00 - (123456.78) show only digits, 2 precision<br>
             * 0.0000 - (123456.7890) show only digits, 4 precision<br>
             * 0,000 - (123,456) show comma and digits, no precision<br>
             * 0,000.00 - (123,456.78) show comma and digits, 2 precision<br>
             * 0,0.00 - (123,456.78) shortcut method, show comma and digits, 2 precision<br>
             * To allow specification of the formatting string using UK/US grouping characters (,) and decimal (.) for international numbers, add /i to the end.
             * For example: 0.000,00/i
             * </div></div>
             * @param {Number} v The number to format.
             * @param {String} format The way you would like to format this text.
             * @return {String} The formatted number.
             */
            number:
                function(v, formatString) {
                if (!formatString) {
                    return v;
                }
                v = Ext.Number.from(v, NaN);
                if (isNaN(v)) {
                    return '';
                }
                var comma = UtilFormat.thousandSeparator,
                    dec   = UtilFormat.decimalSeparator,
                    i18n  = false,
                    neg   = v < 0,
                    hasComma,
                    psplit;

                v = Math.abs(v);

                // The "/i" suffix allows caller to use a locale-specific formatting string.
                // Clean the format string by removing all but numerals and the decimal separator.
                // Then split the format string into pre and post decimal segments according to *what* the
                // decimal separator is. If they are specifying "/i", they are using the local convention in the format string.
                if (formatString.substr(formatString.length - 2) == '/i') {
                    if (!I18NFormatCleanRe) {
                        I18NFormatCleanRe = new RegExp('[^\\d\\' + UtilFormat.decimalSeparator + ']','g');
                    }
                    formatString = formatString.substr(0, formatString.length - 2);
                    i18n   = true;
                    hasComma = formatString.indexOf(comma) != -1;
                    psplit = formatString.replace(I18NFormatCleanRe, '').split(dec);
                } else {
                    hasComma = formatString.indexOf(',') != -1;
                    psplit = formatString.replace(formatCleanRe, '').split('.');
                }

                if (1 < psplit.length) {
                    v = v.toFixed(psplit[1].length);
                } else if(2 < psplit.length) {
                    //<debug>
                    Ext.Error.raise({
                        sourceClass: "Ext.util.Format",
                        sourceMethod: "number",
                        value: v,
                        formatString: formatString,
                        msg: "Invalid number format, should have no more than 1 decimal"
                    });
                    //</debug>
                } else {
                    v = v.toFixed(0);
                }

                var fnum = v.toString();

                psplit = fnum.split('.');

                if (hasComma) {
                    var cnum = psplit[0],
                        parr = [],
                        j    = cnum.length,
                        m    = Math.floor(j / 3),
                        n    = cnum.length % 3 || 3,
                        i;

                    for (i = 0; i < j; i += n) {
                        if (i !== 0) {
                            n = 3;
                        }

                        parr[parr.length] = cnum.substr(i, n);
                        m -= 1;
                    }
                    fnum = parr.join(comma);
                    if (psplit[1]) {
                        fnum += dec + psplit[1];
                    }
                } else {
                    if (psplit[1]) {
                        fnum = psplit[0] + dec + psplit[1];
                    }
                }

                return (neg ? '-' : '') + formatString.replace(/[\d,?\.?]+/, fnum);
            },

            /**
             * Returns a number rendering function that can be reused to apply a number format multiple times efficiently
             * @param {String} format Any valid number format string for {@link #number}
             * @return {Function} The number formatting function
             */
            numberRenderer : function(format) {
                return function(v) {
                    return UtilFormat.number(v, format);
                };
            },

            /**
             * Selectively do a plural form of a word based on a numeric value. For example, in a template,
             * {commentCount:plural("Comment")}  would result in "1 Comment" if commentCount was 1 or would be "x Comments"
             * if the value is 0 or greater than 1.
             * @param {Number} value The value to compare against
             * @param {String} singular The singular form of the word
             * @param {String} plural (optional) The plural form of the word (defaults to the singular with an "s")
             */
            plural : function(v, s, p) {
                return v +' ' + (v == 1 ? s : (p ? p : s+'s'));
            },

            /**
             * Converts newline characters to the HTML tag &lt;br/>
             * @param {String} The string value to format.
             * @return {String} The string with embedded &lt;br/> tags in place of newlines.
             */
            nl2br : function(v) {
                return Ext.isEmpty(v) ? '' : v.replace(nl2brRe, '<br/>');
            },

            /**
             * Capitalize the given string. See {@link Ext.String#capitalize}.
             * @method
             */
            capitalize: Ext.String.capitalize,

            /**
             * Truncate a string and add an ellipsis ('...') to the end if it exceeds the specified length.
             * See {@link Ext.String#ellipsis}.
             * @method
             */
            ellipsis: Ext.String.ellipsis,

            /**
             * Formats to a string. See {@link Ext.String#format}
             * @method
             */
            format: Ext.String.format,

            /**
             * Convert certain characters (&, <, >, and ') from their HTML character equivalents.
             * See {@link Ext.string#htmlDecode}.
             * @method
             */
            htmlDecode: Ext.String.htmlDecode,

            /**
             * Convert certain characters (&, <, >, and ') to their HTML character equivalents for literal display in web pages.
             * See {@link Ext.String#htmlEncode}.
             * @method
             */
            htmlEncode: Ext.String.htmlEncode,

            /**
             * Adds left padding to a string. See {@link Ext.String#leftPad}
             * @method
             */
            leftPad: Ext.String.leftPad,

            /**
             * Trims any whitespace from either side of a string. See {@link Ext.String#trim}.
             * @method
             */
            trim : Ext.String.trim,

            /**
             * Parses a number or string representing margin sizes into an object. Supports CSS-style margin declarations
             * (e.g. 10, "10", "10 10", "10 10 10" and "10 10 10 10" are all valid options and would return the same result)
             * @param {Number|String} v The encoded margins
             * @return {Object} An object with margin sizes for top, right, bottom and left
             */
            parseBox : function(box) {
                if (Ext.isNumber(box)) {
                    box = box.toString();
                }
                var parts  = box.split(' '),
                    ln = parts.length;

                if (ln == 1) {
                    parts[1] = parts[2] = parts[3] = parts[0];
                }
                else if (ln == 2) {
                    parts[2] = parts[0];
                    parts[3] = parts[1];
                }
                else if (ln == 3) {
                    parts[3] = parts[1];
                }

                return {
                    top   :parseInt(parts[0], 10) || 0,
                    right :parseInt(parts[1], 10) || 0,
                    bottom:parseInt(parts[2], 10) || 0,
                    left  :parseInt(parts[3], 10) || 0
                };
            },

            /**
             * Escapes the passed string for use in a regular expression
             * @param {String} str
             * @return {String}
             */
            escapeRegex : function(s) {
                return s.replace(/([\-.*+?\^${}()|\[\]\/\\])/g, "\\$1");
            }
        });
    })();