/***************************************************************************
 *                                  _   _ ____  _     
 *  Project                     ___| | | |  _ \| |    
 *                             / __| | | | |_) | |    
 *                            | (__| |_| |  _ <| |___ 
 *                             \___|\___/|_| \_\_____|
 *
 * Copyright (C) 1998 - 2003, Daniel Stenberg, <daniel@haxx.se>, et al.
 *
 * This software is licensed as described in the file COPYING, which
 * you should have received as part of this distribution. The terms
 * are also available at http://curl.haxx.se/docs/copyright.html.
 * 
 * You may opt to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute and/or sell
 * copies of the Software, and permit persons to whom the Software is
 * furnished to do so, under the terms of the COPYING file.
 *
 * This software is distributed on an "AS IS" basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY
 * KIND, either express or implied.
 *
 * $Id: connect.c,v 1.65 2003/10/18 20:34:33 bagder Exp $
 ***************************************************************************/

#include "setup.h"

#ifndef WIN32
/* headers for non-win32 */
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
#include <unistd.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_NETDB_H
#include <netdb.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_FCNTL_H
#include <fcntl.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_NETINET_IN_H
#include <netinet/in.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_ARPA_INET_H
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_STDLIB_H
#include <stdlib.h> /* required for free() prototype, without it, this crashes
                       on macos 68K */
#endif
#ifdef	VMS
#include <in.h>
#include <inet.h>
#endif

#endif
#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>

#ifndef TRUE
#define TRUE 1
#define FALSE 0
#endif

#ifdef WIN32
#define HAVE_IOCTLSOCKET
#include <windows.h>
#define EINPROGRESS WSAEINPROGRESS
#define EWOULDBLOCK WSAEWOULDBLOCK
#define EISCONN     WSAEISCONN
#define ENOTSOCK    WSAENOTSOCK
#define ECONNREFUSED WSAECONNREFUSED
#endif

#include "urldata.h"
#include "sendf.h"
#include "if2ip.h"

/* The last #include file should be: */
#ifdef CURLDEBUG
#include "memdebug.h"
#endif

int Curl_ourerrno(void)
{
#ifdef WIN32
  return (int)GetLastError();
#else
  return errno;
#endif
}

/*************************************************************************
 * Curl_nonblock
 *
 * Description:
 *  Set the socket to either blocking or non-blocking mode.
 */

int Curl_nonblock(int sockfd,    /* operate on this */
                  int nonblock   /* TRUE or FALSE */)
{
#undef SETBLOCK
#ifdef HAVE_O_NONBLOCK
  /* most recent unix versions */
  int flags;

  flags = fcntl(sockfd, F_GETFL, 0);
  if (TRUE == nonblock)
    return fcntl(sockfd, F_SETFL, flags | O_NONBLOCK);
  else
    return fcntl(sockfd, F_SETFL, flags & (~O_NONBLOCK));
#define SETBLOCK 1
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_FIONBIO
  /* older unix versions */
  int flags;

  flags = nonblock;
  return ioctl(sockfd, FIONBIO, &flags);
#define SETBLOCK 2
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_IOCTLSOCKET
  /* Windows? */
  int flags;
  flags = nonblock;
  return ioctlsocket(sockfd, FIONBIO, &flags);
#define SETBLOCK 3
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_IOCTLSOCKET_CASE
  /* presumably for Amiga */
  return IoctlSocket(sockfd, FIONBIO, (long)nonblock);
#define SETBLOCK 4
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_SO_NONBLOCK
  /* BeOS */
  long b = nonblock ? 1 : 0;
  return setsockopt(sockfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_NONBLOCK, &b, sizeof(b));
#define SETBLOCK 5
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_DISABLED_NONBLOCKING
  return 0; /* returns success */
#define SETBLOCK 6
#endif

#ifndef SETBLOCK
#error "no non-blocking method was found/used/set"
#endif
}

/*
 * waitconnect() returns:
 * 0    fine connect
 * -1   select() error
 * 1    select() timeout
 * 2    select() returned with an error condition
 */
static
int waitconnect(int sockfd, /* socket */
                int timeout_msec)
{
  fd_set fd;
  fd_set errfd;
  struct timeval interval;
  int rc;

  /* now select() until we get connect or timeout */
  FD_ZERO(&fd);
  FD_SET(sockfd, &fd);

  FD_ZERO(&errfd);
  FD_SET(sockfd, &errfd);

  interval.tv_sec = timeout_msec/1000;
  timeout_msec -= interval.tv_sec*1000;

  interval.tv_usec = timeout_msec*1000;

  rc = select(sockfd+1, NULL, &fd, &errfd, &interval);
  if(-1 == rc)
    /* error, no connect here, try next */
    return -1;
  
  else if(0 == rc)
    /* timeout, no connect today */
    return 1;

  if(FD_ISSET(sockfd, &errfd))
    /* error condition caught */
    return 2;

  /* we have a connect! */
  return 0;
}

static CURLcode bindlocal(struct connectdata *conn,
                          int sockfd)
{
#ifdef HAVE_INET_NTOA

  struct SessionHandle *data = conn->data;

  /*************************************************************
   * Select device to bind socket to
   *************************************************************/
  if (strlen(data->set.device)<255) {
    struct sockaddr_in sa;
    struct Curl_dns_entry *h=NULL;
    size_t size;
    char myhost[256] = "";
    in_addr_t in;
    int rc;

    /* First check if the given name is an IP address */
    in=inet_addr(data->set.device);
      
    if((in == CURL_INADDR_NONE) &&
       Curl_if2ip(data->set.device, myhost, sizeof(myhost))) {
      /*
       * We now have the numerical IPv4-style x.y.z.w in the 'myhost' buffer
       */
      rc = Curl_resolv(conn, myhost, 0, &h);
      if(rc == 1)
        rc = Curl_wait_for_resolv(conn, &h);

    }
    else {
      if(strlen(data->set.device)>1) {
        /*
         * This was not an interface, resolve the name as a host name
         * or IP number
         */
        rc = Curl_resolv(conn, data->set.device, 0, &h);
        if(rc == 1)
          rc = Curl_wait_for_resolv(conn, &h);

        if(h)
          /* we know data->set.device is shorter than the myhost array */
          strcpy(myhost, data->set.device);

      }
    }

    if(! *myhost) {
      /* need to fix this
         h=Curl_gethost(data,
         getmyhost(*myhost,sizeof(myhost)),
         hostent_buf,
         sizeof(hostent_buf));
      */
      return CURLE_HTTP_PORT_FAILED;
    }

    infof(data, "We bind local end to %s\n", myhost);

    in=inet_addr(myhost);
    if (CURL_INADDR_NONE != in) {

      if ( h ) {
        Curl_addrinfo *addr = h->addr;

        Curl_resolv_unlock(data, h);
        /* we don't need it anymore after this function has returned */

#ifdef ENABLE_IPV6
        (void)sa; /* prevent compiler warning */
        if( bind(sockfd, addr->ai_addr, addr->ai_addrlen) >= 0) {
          /* we succeeded to bind */
          struct sockaddr_in6 add;
	
          size = sizeof(add);
          if(getsockname(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *) &add,
                         (socklen_t *)&size)<0) {
            failf(data, "getsockname() failed");
            return CURLE_HTTP_PORT_FAILED;
          }
        }
#else
        memset((char *)&sa, 0, sizeof(sa));
        memcpy((char *)&sa.sin_addr, addr->h_addr, addr->h_length);
        sa.sin_family = AF_INET;
        sa.sin_addr.s_addr = in;
        sa.sin_port = 0; /* get any port */
	
        if( bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&sa, sizeof(sa)) >= 0) {
          /* we succeeded to bind */
          struct sockaddr_in add;
	
          size = sizeof(add);
          if(getsockname(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *) &add,
                         (socklen_t *)&size)<0) {
            failf(data, "getsockname() failed");
            return CURLE_HTTP_PORT_FAILED;
          }
        }
#endif
        else {
          switch(errno) {
          case EBADF:
            failf(data, "Invalid descriptor: %d", errno);
            break;
          case EINVAL:
            failf(data, "Invalid request: %d", errno);
            break;
          case EACCES:
            failf(data, "Address is protected, user not superuser: %d", errno);
            break;
          case ENOTSOCK:
            failf(data,
                  "Argument is a descriptor for a file, not a socket: %d",
                  errno);
            break;
          case EFAULT:
            failf(data, "Inaccessable memory error: %d", errno);
            break;
          case ENAMETOOLONG:
            failf(data, "Address too long: %d", errno);
            break;
          case ENOMEM:
            failf(data, "Insufficient kernel memory was available: %d", errno);
            break;
          default:
            failf(data, "errno %d", errno);
            break;
          } /* end of switch(errno) */
	
          return CURLE_HTTP_PORT_FAILED;
        } /* end of else */
	
      } /* end of if  h */
      else {
	failf(data,"could't find my own IP address (%s)", myhost);
	return CURLE_HTTP_PORT_FAILED;
      }
    } /* end of inet_addr */

    else {
      failf(data, "could't find my own IP address (%s)", myhost);
      return CURLE_HTTP_PORT_FAILED;
    }

    return CURLE_OK;

  } /* end of device selection support */
#endif /* end of HAVE_INET_NTOA */

  return CURLE_HTTP_PORT_FAILED;
}

/*
 * verifyconnect() returns TRUE if the connect really has happened.
 */
static bool verifyconnect(int sockfd)
{
#if defined(SO_ERROR) && !defined(WIN32)
  int err = 0;
  socklen_t errSize = sizeof(err);
  if( -1 == getsockopt(sockfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_ERROR,
                       (void *)&err, &errSize))
    err = Curl_ourerrno();

  if ((0 == err) || (EISCONN == err))
    /* we are connected, awesome! */
    return TRUE;
  
  /* This wasn't a successful connect */
  return FALSE;
#else
  return TRUE;
#endif
}

/*
 * Curl_is_connected() is used from the multi interface to check if the
 * firstsocket has connected.
 */

CURLcode Curl_is_connected(struct connectdata *conn,
                           int sockfd,
                           bool *connected)
{
  int rc;
  struct SessionHandle *data = conn->data;

  *connected = FALSE; /* a very negative world view is best */

  if(data->set.timeout || data->set.connecttimeout) {
    /* there is a timeout set */

    /* Evaluate in milliseconds how much time that has passed */
    long has_passed = Curl_tvdiff(Curl_tvnow(), data->progress.start);

    /* subtract the most strict timeout of the ones */
    if(data->set.timeout && data->set.connecttimeout) {
      if (data->set.timeout < data->set.connecttimeout)
        has_passed -= data->set.timeout*1000;
      else 
        has_passed -= data->set.connecttimeout*1000;
    }
    else if(data->set.timeout)
      has_passed -= data->set.timeout*1000;
    else
      has_passed -= data->set.connecttimeout*1000;

    if(has_passed > 0 ) {
      /* time-out, bail out, go home */
      failf(data, "Connection time-out");
      return CURLE_OPERATION_TIMEOUTED;
    }
  }
  if(conn->bits.tcpconnect) {
    /* we are connected already! */
    *connected = TRUE;
    return CURLE_OK;
  }

  /* check for connect without timeout as we want to return immediately */
  rc = waitconnect(sockfd, 0);

  if(0 == rc) {
    if (verifyconnect(sockfd)) {
      /* we are connected, awesome! */
      *connected = TRUE;
      return CURLE_OK;
    }
    /* nope, not connected for real */
    failf(data, "Connection failed");
    return CURLE_COULDNT_CONNECT;
  }
  else if(1 != rc) {
    int error = Curl_ourerrno();
    failf(data, "Failed connect to %s:%d, errno: %d",
          conn->hostname, conn->port, error);
    return CURLE_COULDNT_CONNECT;
  }
  /*
   * If the connection phase is "done" here, we should attempt to connect
   * to the "next address" in the Curl_hostaddr structure that we resolved
   * before. But we don't have that struct around anymore and we can't just
   * keep a pointer since the cache might in fact have gotten pruned by the
   * time we want to read this... Alas, we don't do this yet.
   */

  return CURLE_OK;
}


/*
 * TCP connect to the given host with timeout, proxy or remote doesn't matter.
 * There might be more than one IP address to try out. Fill in the passed
 * pointer with the connected socket.
 */

CURLcode Curl_connecthost(struct connectdata *conn,  /* context */
                          struct Curl_dns_entry *remotehost, /* use this one */
                          int port,                  /* connect to this */
                          int *sockconn,             /* the connected socket */
                          Curl_ipconnect **addr,     /* the one we used */
                          bool *connected)           /* really connected? */
{
  struct SessionHandle *data = conn->data;
  int rc;
  int sockfd=-1;
  int aliasindex=0;
  char *hostname;

  struct timeval after;
  struct timeval before = Curl_tvnow();

  /*************************************************************
   * Figure out what maximum time we have left
   *************************************************************/
  long timeout_ms=300000; /* milliseconds, default to five minutes */

  *connected = FALSE; /* default to not connected */

  if(data->set.timeout || data->set.connecttimeout) {
    double has_passed;

    /* Evaluate in milliseconds how much time that has passed */
    has_passed = Curl_tvdiff(Curl_tvnow(), data->progress.start);

#ifndef min
#define min(a, b)   ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
#endif

    /* get the most strict timeout of the ones converted to milliseconds */
    if(data->set.timeout && data->set.connecttimeout) {
      if (data->set.timeout < data->set.connecttimeout)
        timeout_ms = data->set.timeout*1000;
      else 
        timeout_ms = data->set.connecttimeout*1000;
    }
    else if(data->set.timeout)
      timeout_ms = data->set.timeout*1000;
    else
      timeout_ms = data->set.connecttimeout*1000;

    /* subtract the passed time */
    timeout_ms -= (long)has_passed;

    if(timeout_ms < 0) {
      /* a precaution, no need to continue if time already is up */
      failf(data, "Connection time-out");
      return CURLE_OPERATION_TIMEOUTED;
    }
  }

  hostname = data->change.proxy?conn->proxyhost:conn->hostname;
  infof(data, "About to connect() to %s%s%s:%d\n",
        conn->bits.ipv6_ip?"[":"",
        hostname,
        conn->bits.ipv6_ip?"]":"",
        port);

#ifdef ENABLE_IPV6
  /*
   * Connecting with IPv6 support is so much easier and cleanly done
   */
  {
    struct addrinfo *ai;
    port =0; /* prevent compiler warning */

    for (ai = remotehost->addr; ai; ai = ai->ai_next, aliasindex++) {
      sockfd = socket(ai->ai_family, ai->ai_socktype, ai->ai_protocol);
      if (sockfd < 0)
        continue;

      if(conn->data->set.device) {
        /* user selected to bind the outgoing socket to a specified "device"
           before doing connect */
        CURLcode res = bindlocal(conn, sockfd);
        if(res)
          return res;
      }

      /* set socket non-blocking */
      Curl_nonblock(sockfd, TRUE);

      rc = connect(sockfd, ai->ai_addr, ai->ai_addrlen);

      if(-1 == rc) {
        int error=Curl_ourerrno();

        switch (error) {
        case EINPROGRESS:
        case EWOULDBLOCK:
#if defined(EAGAIN) && EAGAIN != EWOULDBLOCK
          /* On some platforms EAGAIN and EWOULDBLOCK are the
           * same value, and on others they are different, hence
           * the odd #if
           */
        case EAGAIN:
#endif
        case EINTR:
          /* asynchronous connect, wait for connect or timeout */
          if(data->state.used_interface == Curl_if_multi)
            /* don't hang when doing multi */
            timeout_ms = 0;

          rc = waitconnect(sockfd, timeout_ms);
          break;
        case ECONNREFUSED: /* no one listening */
        default:
          /* unknown error, fallthrough and try another address! */
          failf(data, "Failed connect to %s: %d", hostname, error);
          break;
        }
      }

      if(0 == rc) {
        /* we might be connected, if the socket says it is OK! Ask it! */
        if(verifyconnect(sockfd)) {
          /* we are connected, awesome! */
          *connected = TRUE; /* this is truly a connect */
          break;
	}
        failf(data, "socket error");
        /* we are _not_ connected, it was a false alert, continue please */
      }
      else if(2 == rc)
        /* waitconnect() returned error */
        ;
      else if(data->state.used_interface == Curl_if_multi) {
        /* When running the multi interface, we bail out here */
        rc = 0;
        break;
      }

      /* connect failed or timed out */
      sclose(sockfd);
      sockfd = -1;

      /* get a new timeout for next attempt */
      after = Curl_tvnow();
      timeout_ms -= Curl_tvdiff(after, before);
      if(timeout_ms < 0) {
        failf(data, "connect() timed out!");
        return CURLE_OPERATION_TIMEOUTED;
      }
      before = after;
      continue;
    }
    if (sockfd < 0)
      return CURLE_COULDNT_CONNECT;

    /* leave the socket in non-blocking mode */

    if(addr)
      *addr = ai; /* the address we ended up connected to */
  }
#else
  /*
   * Connecting with IPv4-only support
   */
  if(!remotehost->addr->h_addr_list[0]) {
    /* If there is no addresses in the address list, then we return
       error right away */
    failf(data, "no address available");
    return CURLE_COULDNT_CONNECT;
  }

  /* This is the loop that attempts to connect to all IP-addresses we
     know for the given host. One by one. */
  for(rc=-1, aliasindex=0;
      rc && (struct in_addr *)remotehost->addr->h_addr_list[aliasindex];
      aliasindex++) {
    struct sockaddr_in serv_addr;

    /* create an IPv4 TCP socket */
    sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    if(-1 == sockfd) {
      failf(data, "couldn't create socket");
      return CURLE_COULDNT_CONNECT; /* big time error */
    }
  
    if(conn->data->set.device) {
      /* user selected to bind the outgoing socket to a specified "device"
         before doing connect */
      CURLcode res = bindlocal(conn, sockfd);
      if(res)
        return res;
    }

    /* Convert socket to non-blocking type */
    Curl_nonblock(sockfd, TRUE);

    /* do this nasty work to do the connect */
    memset((char *) &serv_addr, '\0', sizeof(serv_addr));
    memcpy((char *)&(serv_addr.sin_addr),
           (struct in_addr *)remotehost->addr->h_addr_list[aliasindex],
           sizeof(struct in_addr));
    serv_addr.sin_family = remotehost->addr->h_addrtype;
    serv_addr.sin_port = htons((unsigned short)port);
  
    rc = connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&serv_addr,
                 sizeof(serv_addr));

    if(-1 == rc) {
      int error=Curl_ourerrno();

      switch (error) {
      case EINPROGRESS:
      case EWOULDBLOCK:
#if defined(EAGAIN) && EAGAIN != EWOULDBLOCK
        /* On some platforms EAGAIN and EWOULDBLOCK are the
         * same value, and on others they are different, hence
         * the odd #if
         */
      case EAGAIN:
#endif
        /* asynchronous connect, wait for connect or timeout */
        if(data->state.used_interface == Curl_if_multi)
          /* don't hang when doing multi */
          timeout_ms = 0;

        rc = waitconnect(sockfd, timeout_ms);
        break;
      default:
        /* unknown error, fallthrough and try another address! */
        failf(data, "Failed to connect to %s IP number %d: %d",
              hostname, aliasindex+1, error);
        break;
      }
    }

    /* The '1 == rc' comes from the waitconnect(), and not from connect().
       We can be sure of this since connect() cannot return 1. */
    if((1 == rc) && (data->state.used_interface == Curl_if_multi)) {
      /* Timeout when running the multi interface, we return here with a
         CURLE_OK return code. */
      rc = 0;
      break;
    }

    if(0 == rc) {
      if (verifyconnect(sockfd)) {
        /* we are connected, awesome! */
        *connected = TRUE; /* this is a true connect */
        break;
      }
      /* nope, not connected for real */
      rc = -1;
    }

    if(0 != rc) {
      /* get a new timeout for next attempt */
      sclose(sockfd);
      after = Curl_tvnow();
      timeout_ms -= Curl_tvdiff(after, before);
      if(timeout_ms < 0) {
        failf(data, "Connect timeout on IP number %d", aliasindex+1);
        break;
      }
      before = after;
      continue; /* try next address */
    }
    break;
  }

  if(0 != rc) {
    /* no good connect was made */
    *sockconn = -1;
    failf(data, "Connect failed");
    return CURLE_COULDNT_CONNECT;
  }

  /* leave the socket in non-blocking mode */

  if(addr)
    /* this is the address we've connected to */
    *addr = (struct in_addr *)remotehost->addr->h_addr_list[aliasindex];
#endif

  /* allow NULL-pointers to get passed in */
  if(sockconn)
    *sockconn = sockfd;    /* the socket descriptor we've connected */

  return CURLE_OK;
}

